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</style><table class="infobox hproduct vevent"><caption class="infobox-title fn summary">IBM System/36</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">Model 5360</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Also known as</span></th><td class="infobox-data">S/36</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="../IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="../Midrange_computer" title="Midrange computer">Midrange computer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data">May 16, 1983<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1983-05-16</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discontinued</th><td class="infobox-data">1989<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1989</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="../Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="../System_Support_Program" title="System Support Program">System Support Program</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="../Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a></th><td class="infobox-data">MSP and CSP</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">1000x1130(1780)x750mm (5360) <br>650x375x750mm (5362)

<p><br>162x540x426mm (5364)

</p>

<br>650x240(320)x700mm (5363)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="../IBM_System/34" title="IBM System/34">IBM System/34</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="../IBM_AS/400" title="IBM AS/400">IBM AS/400</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>IBM System/36</b> (often abbreviated as <b>S/36</b>) was a <a href="../Midrange_computer" title="Midrange computer">midrange computer</a> marketed by <a href="../IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> from 1983 to 2000 - a <a href="../Multi-user" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-user">multi-user</a>, <a href="../Computer_multitasking" title="Computer multitasking">multi-tasking</a> successor to the <a href="../IBM_System/34" title="IBM System/34">System/34</a>.

</p><p>Like the System/34 and the older <a href="../IBM_System/32" title="IBM System/32">System/32</a>, the System/36 was primarily programmed in the <a href="../IBM_RPG" title="IBM RPG">RPG II</a> language. One of the machine's optional features was an off-line storage mechanism (on the 5360 model) that utilized "magazines" – boxes of 8-inch <a href="../Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppies</a> that the machine could load and eject in a nonsequential fashion. The System/36 also had many mainframe features such as programmable job queues and scheduling priority levels.

</p><p>While these systems were similar to other manufacturer's <a href="../Minicomputer" title="Minicomputer">minicomputers</a>, IBM themselves described the System/32, System/34 and System/36 as "small systems"<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later as <a href="../Midrange_computer" title="Midrange computer">midrange computers</a> along with the <a href="../IBM_System/38" title="IBM System/38">System/38</a> and succeeding <a href="../IBM_AS/400" title="IBM AS/400">IBM AS/400</a> range.

</p><p>The AS/400 series and <a href="../IBM_Power_Systems" title="IBM Power Systems">IBM Power Systems</a> running <a href="../IBM_i" title="IBM i">IBM i</a> can run System/36 code in the System/36 Environment, although the code needs to be recompiled on IBM i first.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview_of_the_IBM_System/36">Overview of the IBM System/36</h2></div>

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</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:408px;max-width:408px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">latest 5363 system with AS/entry branding; Front of a 5363 prior to <a href="../Initial_Program_Load" class="mw-redirect" title="Initial Program Load">IPL</a></div></div></div></div>

<p>The <b>IBM System/36</b> was a popular <a href="../Small_business" title="Small business">small business</a> <a href="../Computer" title="Computer">computer</a> system, first announced on 16 May 1983<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and shipped later that year. It had a 17-year product lifespan. The first model of the System/36 was the 5360.

</p><p>In the 1970s, the <a href="../United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">U.S. Department of Justice</a> brought an <a href="../United_States_antitrust_law" title="United States antitrust law">antitrust</a> <a href="../Lawsuit" title="Lawsuit">lawsuit</a> against <a href="../IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, claiming it was using unlawful practices to knock out competitors. At this time, IBM had been about to consolidate its entire line (<a href="../System/370" class="mw-redirect" title="System/370">System/370</a>, <a href="../IBM_4300" title="IBM 4300">4300</a>, <a href="../IBM_System/32" title="IBM System/32">System/32</a>, <a href="../IBM_System/34" title="IBM System/34">System/34</a>, <a href="../IBM_System/38" title="IBM System/38">System/38</a>) into one "family" of computers with the same <a href="../ISAM" title="ISAM">ISAM</a> <a href="../Database" title="Database">database</a> technology, <a href="../Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a>, and <a href="../Computer_architecture" title="Computer architecture">hardware architecture</a>. After the lawsuit was filed, IBM decided it would have two families: the System/38 line, intended for large companies and representing IBM's future direction, and the System/36 line, intended for small companies who had used the company's legacy System/32/34 computers. In the late 1980s the lawsuit was dropped, and IBM decided to recombine the two product lines, creating the AS/400 - which replaced both the System/36 and System/38.

</p><p>The System/36 used virtually the same <a href="../IBM_RPG_II" title="IBM RPG II">RPG II</a>, <a href="../Screen_Design_Aid" title="Screen Design Aid">Screen Design Aid</a>, <a href="../Operational_Control_Language" title="Operational Control Language">OCL</a>, and other technologies that the System/34 used, though it was object-code incompatible. The S/36 was a <a href="../Small_business" title="Small business">small business</a> computer; it had an 8-inch <a href="../Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">diskette drive</a>, between one and four <a href="../Hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drive">hard drives</a> in sizes of 30 to 716 MB, and memory from 128K up to 7MB. <a href="../Tape_drive" title="Tape drive">Tape drives</a> were available as backup devices; the 6157 <a href="../Quarter-inch_cartridge" title="Quarter-inch cartridge">QIC</a> (quarter-inch cartridge) and the reel-to-reel 8809 both had capacities of roughly 60MB. The <a href="../IBM_Advanced/36" title="IBM Advanced/36">Advanced/36</a> 9402 tape drive had a capacity of 2.5GB. The <a href="../IBM_5250" title="IBM 5250">IBM 5250</a> series of <a href="../Computer_terminals" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer terminals">terminals</a> were the primary interface to the System/36.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System_architecture">System architecture</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Processors">Processors</h3></div>

<p>S/36s have two 16-bit processors, the CSP or Control Storage Processor, and the MSP or Main Storage Processor. The MSP is the workhorse; it performs the instructions in the computer programs. The CSP is the governor; it performs system functions in the background. Special utility programs are able to make direct calls to the CSP to perform certain functions; these are usually system programs like $CNFIG which is used to configure the computer system. As with the earlier System/32 and System/34 hardware, the execution of so-called "scientific instructions" (i.e. <a href="../Floating-point_arithmetic" title="Floating-point arithmetic">floating-point operations</a>) is implemented in software on the CSP.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The primary purpose of the CSP is to keep the MSP busy; as such, it runs at slightly more than four times the speed of the MSP. The first System/36 models (the 5360-A) have a 4 MHz CSP and a 1 MHz MSP. The CSP loads code and data into main storage <i>behind</i> the MSP's program counter. As the MSP is working on one process, the CSP is filling storage for the <i>next</i> process.

</p><p>The 5360 processors came in four models, labeled 5360-A through 5360-D. The later "D" model is about 60 percent faster than the "A" model.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Front_panel">Front panel</h3></div>

<p>The 5360, 5362, and 5363 processors had a front panel display with four hexadecimal LEDs. If the operator "dialed up" the combination F-F-0-0 before performing an <a href="../IBM_System/360_architecture#Initial_Program_Load" title="IBM System/360 architecture">Initial Program Load</a> (IPL, or <a href="../Booting" title="Booting">system boot</a>), many <a href="../Diagnostics" class="mw-redirect" title="Diagnostics">diagnostics</a> were skipped, causing the duration of the IPL to be about a minute instead of about 10 minutes. Of course part of the IPL was typically keysorting the indexed files and if the machine had been shut down without a "keysort" (performed part of the P S (or STOP SYSTEM) then depending on the number of indexed files (and their sizes) it could take upwards of an hour to come back up.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memory_and_disk">Memory and disk</h3></div>

<p>The smallest S/36 had 128K of RAM and a 30 MB hard drive.

</p><p>The largest configured S/36 could support 7MB of RAM and 1478MB of disk space. This cost over US$200,000 back in the early 1980s. S/36 hard drives contained a feature called "the extra cylinder," so that bad spots on the drive were detected and dynamically mapped out to good spots on the extra cylinder. It is therefore possible for the S/36 to use more space than it can technically address. Disk address sizes limit the size of the active S/36 partition to about 2GB; however, the Advanced/36 Large Package had a 4GB hard drive which could contain up to three (emulated) S/36s, and Advanced/36 computers had more memory than SSP could address (32MB to 96MB) which was used to increase disk caching.

</p><p>Disk space on the System/36 was organized by <i>blocks</i>, with one block consisting of 2560 bytes. A high-end 5360 system would ship with about 550,000 blocks of disk space available. System objects could be allocated in blocks or records, but internally it was always blocks.

</p><p>The System/36 supported <a href="../Memory_paging" title="Memory paging">memory paging</a>, referred to as "swapping".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Software">Software</h3></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="../System_Support_Program" title="System Support Program">System Support Program</a></div>

<p>The <a href="../System_Support_Program" title="System Support Program">System Support Program</a> (SSP) was the only <a href="../Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> of the S/36. It contained support for multiprogramming, multiple processors, 80 devices, job queues, printer queues, security, <a href="../Indexed_file" title="Indexed file">indexed file</a> support, and fully installed, it was about 10MB. On the Advanced/36, the number of workstations/printers was increased to 160. In the Guest/36 environment of certain OS/400 releases, up to 216 devices were supported.

</p><p>The S/36 could compile and run programs up to 64 kB in size, although most were not this large. This became a bottleneck issue only for the largest screen programs. With the Advanced/36, there were features added to the SSP operating system including the ability to call other programs from within. So a program that was say 60 kB could call another program that was 30kB or 40KB. This call/parm had been available with third-party packages on the System/36 but not widely used until the feature was put in 7.1 and 7.5 of SSP on the Advanced/36.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hardware_models">Hardware models</h2></div>

<th colspan="21">System/36 series model list

</th></tr>

<tr>

</th>

</th>

</th>

</td>

<th colspan="10">Compatible (<a href="../IBM_AS/400" title="IBM AS/400">IBM AS/400</a>-based)

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th>Position

</th>

<th>Form Factor

</th>

<th>1984

</th>

<th>1985

</th>

<th>1986

</th>

<th>1987

</th>

<th>1988

</th>

<th>1989

</th>

<th>1990

</th>

<th>1991

</th>

<th>1992

</th>

<th>1993

</th>

<th>1994

</th>

<th>1995

</th>

<th>1996

</th>

<th>1997

</th>

<th>1998

</th>

<th>1999

</th>

<th>2000

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="4">Entry

</td>

<td rowspan="2">desktop

</td>

</th>

<td colspan="2" rowspan="2">5364

</td>

</th>

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td colspan="4" rowspan="2">5363

</td>

<td colspan="5" rowspan="2">AS/Entry (P03; 10S)

</td>

<td colspan="5" rowspan="2">AS/Entry (150)

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="2">desk-side

</td>

<td colspan="3" rowspan="2">5362

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

</th>

<td colspan="2">Advanced/36 (236, 436)

</td>

<td colspan="5">Advanced/36 (170)

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td colspan="2">Full-size

</td>

<td colspan="7">5360

</td>

</th></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="System/36_Model_5360">System/36 Model 5360</h4></div>

<p>The System/36 5360 was the first model of System/36. It weighed 700 lb (318 kg), cost $140,000 and is believed to have had processor speeds of about 2 MHz and 8 MHz for its two processors. The system ran on 208 or 240 volts AC.

</p><p>The five red lights on the System/36 were as follows:

(1) Power check.

(2) Processor check.

(3) Program check.

(4) Console check.

(5) Temperature check.

</p><p>If any light other than #4 ever came on, the system needed to be rebooted. Console can be restored if it has been powered off, but the other conditions are unrecoverable.

</p><p>There were various models of the 5360, including a C and D model that dealt with speed and the ability to support an additional frame to house two additional drives.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="System/36_Model_5362">System/36 Model 5362</h4></div>

<p>IBM introduced the 5362 or "Compact 36" in 1984<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a system targeted at the lower end of their market. It had a deskside tower form factor. It was designed to operate in a normal office environment, requiring little special consideration. It differed from the 5360 in by having a more limited card cage, capable of fewer peripherals. It used 14" fixed disks (30 or 60 MB) and could support up to two; main storage ranged from 128 KB to 512 KB.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One 8" floppy diskette drive was built in. The 5362 also allowed the use of a channel attached external desktop 9332-200, 400, & 600 DASD, effectively allowing a maximum of 720MB.

</p><p>

The 5362 weighed 150 pounds (68 kg) and cost $20,000.</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="System/36_Model_5364">System/36 Model 5364</h4></div>

<p>The model 5364 was called the "System/36 PC"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "Desktop 36" (and also, informally, the "Baby/36" by some – but this name was later attached to a software program produced by California Software Products, Inc.). The 5364 was a June 1985<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> attempt by IBM to implement a System/36 on PC-sized hardware. Inside, there were IBM chips, but the cabinet size was reminiscent of an <a href="../IBM_PC/AT" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC/AT">IBM PC/AT</a> of the period. The machine had a 1.2 MB 5.25-inch diskette drive,<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was incompatible with PCs and with other S/36s. The control panel/system console (connected via an expansion card) was an <a href="../IBM_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Personal Computer">IBM PC</a> with at least 256 KB RAM.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="System/36_Model_5363">System/36 Model 5363</h4></div>

<p>The model 5363 was positioned as a replacement for the 5364, and was announced in October 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It used a deskside tower style enclosure like that of the 5362, but was only 2/3 the size. It featured updated hardware using newer, smaller hard drive platters, a 5<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">

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</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>" diskette drive, and a revised distribution of the SSP.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="AS/400-based_backports">AS/400-based backports</h3></div>

<p>The <i>System/36 Environment</i> of <a href="../IBM_i" title="IBM i">IBM i</a> (previously OS/400) is a feature which provides a number of SSP utilities, as well as RPG II and OCL support. It does not implement binary compatibility with the System/36 - instead it allows programmers to port System/36 applications to IBM i by recompiling the code on top of the System/36 Environment, generating programs which use the native IBM i APIs.

</p><p>From V3R6 to V4R4, OS/400 was capable of running up to three instances of SSP inside virtual machines known as <i>Advanced 36 Machines</i>. This relied on emulation of emulation of the MSP implemented by the OS/400 SLIC, and thus provided binary compatibility with SSP programs.<sup id="cite_ref-fortress-rochester_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fortress-rochester-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="AS/Entry_(9401)">AS/Entry (9401)</h4></div>

<p>The AS/Entry was just a stripped-down AS/400, first model was based on a AS/400 9401-P03. The operating system was SSP Release 6. This machine was offered c.1991 to target customers who had a S/36 and wanted to one day migrate to an AS/400, but did not want a large investment in an AS/400. In this regard, the AS/Entry was a failure because IBM decided the machine's architecture was not economically feasible and the older model 5363 that the 9401 was based on was a much more reliable system.

</p><p>The entry line was later upgraded to AS/400 9401-150 hardware.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Advanced/36_(9402,_9406)">Advanced/36 (9402, 9406)</h4></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="../IBM_Advanced/36" title="IBM Advanced/36">IBM Advanced/36</a></div>

<p>In 1994, IBM released the AS/400 <a href="../Advanced/36" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced/36">Advanced/36</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with two models (9402-236 and 9402-436). Priced as low as $7995, it was a machine that allowed System/36 users to get faster and more modern hardware while "staying 36". Based on standard AS/400 hardware, the Advanced/36 could run SSP, the operating system of the System/36, alone, or within <a href="../AS/400" class="mw-redirect" title="AS/400">AS/400</a>'s <a href="../OS/400" class="mw-redirect" title="OS/400">OS/400</a> as a <a href="../Virtual_machine" title="Virtual machine">virtual machine</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so that it could be upgraded to a full-blown AS/400 for just extra licensing costs. The A/36 was packaged in a black enclosure which was slightly larger than a common PC cabinet.

</p><p>The Advanced/36 bought the world of System/36 and SSP about five more years in the marketplace, but by the end of the 20th century, the marketplace for the System/36 was almost unrecognizable. The IBM printers and displays that had completely dominated the marketplace in the 80s were replaced by a PC or a third-party monitor with an attached PC-type printer. <a href="../Twinaxial" class="mw-redirect" title="Twinaxial">Twinaxial</a> cable had disappeared in favor of cheap adapters and <a href="../Cat_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat 5">standard telephone wire</a>. The System/36 was eventually replaced by AS/400s at the high end and PCs at the low end.

</p><p>The Advanced line was later upgraded to AS/400 9406-170 hardware. By 2000, the Advanced/36 was withdrawn from marketing.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_ibmsystem3_5758111/page/n3/mode/2up">"Brochures of IBM system/36"</a>. <i>archive.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071022045607/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/italy/italy_ch3.html">"IBM Archives: Italy chronology 1970 – 1997"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/italy/italy_ch3.html">the original</a> on 2007-10-22.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKay_Geppart2001" class="citation web cs1">Kay Geppart (January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191222073454/http://archive.ibmsystemsmag.com/ibmi/tipstechniques/systemsmanagement/an-overview-of-the-system-36-environment/">"An Overview of the System/36 Environment"</a>. <i>IBM Systems Magazine</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.ibmsystemsmag.com/ibmi/tipstechniques/systemsmanagement/an-overview-of-the-system-36-environment/">the original</a> on December 22, 2019.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060702151655/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_4018.html">"IBM Archives: IBM System/36"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_4018.html">the original</a> on 2006-07-02.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/system36/SC21-7908-3_System_36_Programming_with_Assembler_Jan86.pdf">"System/36 Programming with Assembler"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bitsavers</i>. IBM. January 1986<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-22</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/system36/SC21-9019-5_System_36_Concepts_and_Programmers_Guide_198706.pdf">"System/36 Concepts and Programmer's Guide"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. IBM. June 1987<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-01</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080327175507/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_chronology4.html">"IBM Archives: Rochester chronology – page 4"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_chronology4.html">the original</a> on 2008-03-27.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5hdeC0k_JHwC&pg=PA131">"With the IBM System/36 PC, you can run your business from here. (Advertisement)"</a>. <i><a href="../PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a></i>. Vol. 5, no. 13. Ziff Davis, Inc. July 1986. p. 131.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Computers-and-office-automation-industries/IBM-Unveils-Multitasking-Processor-for-Use-with-PC-Interface-and-Upgrades-System-38-Processor.html">"IBM Unveils Multitasking Processor for Use with PC Interface, and Upgrades System-38 Processor"</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/21/business/company-news-ibm-introduces-system-36-mode.html?pagewanted=1">"COMPANY NEWS; I.B.M. INTRODUCES SYSTEM/36 MODE"</a>. <i><a href="../The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-fortress-rochester-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fortress-rochester_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFrank_G._Soltis2001" class="citation book cs1">Frank G. Soltis (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ypJmzqt7JdUC"><i>Fortress Rochester: the Inside Story of the IBM iSeries</i></a>. System iNetwork. <a href="../ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1583040836</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060503190444/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/documents/pdf/as400.pdf">"A Brief History of the IBM AS/400 and iSeries"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/documents/pdf/as400.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 3, 2006.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160812162901/http://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_sm/6/897/ENUS9402-436/index.html&lang=en&request_locale=en">"9402-436 IBM AS/400 Advanced 36 Model 436"</a>. <i>IBM</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_sm/6/897/ENUS9402-436/index.html&lang=en&request_locale=en">the original</a> on 2016-08-12.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBeckmanKratzerPence" class="citation book cs1">Beckman, Mel; Kratzer, Gary; Pence, Roger. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vtda.org/books/Computing/Midrange/Desktop_Guide_to_System-36_Beckman_Kratzer_Pence.pdf"><i>News 3X/400's Desktop Guide to the S/36</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFLundgren" class="citation book cs1">Lundgren, Chuck. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vtda.org/books/Computing/Midrange/System_36_Power_Tools_Lundgren.pdf"><i>S/36 Power Tools: Tips and Techniques from News 3X/400</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFMassoglia" class="citation book cs1">Massoglia, Charles. <i>Everything You Always Wanted to Know About the System/34 But Nobody Told You</i>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFMassoglia" class="citation book cs1">Massoglia, Charles. <i>System/3, System/34, and System/36 Disk Sort as a Programming Language</i>.</cite></li></ul>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFMassoglia" class="citation book cs1">Massoglia, Charles. <i>Writing and Using System/34 Procedures Effectively</i>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFLee" class="citation book cs1">Lee, Merikay. <i>Everything You Always Wanted to Know About POP But Nobody Told You</i>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:IBM_System/36" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:IBM System/36">IBM System/36</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060702151655/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_4018.html">IBM Archives: IBM System/36</a> at the <a href="../Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2006-07-02)</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/system36/">Bitsavers' Archive of System/36 Documentation</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221173926/http://vmpalvelin.dyndns.info/Computers/IBMsystem36/IBMsystem36.html">IBM System/36 brochures and Manuals</a> at the <a href="../Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2014-02-21)</li></ul>

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</style><div id="IBM_mini/midrange_computers,_workstations,_and_servers634" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="../IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> <a href="../Midrange_computer" title="Midrange computer">mini/midrange computers</a>, workstations, and servers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="../IBM_1130" title="IBM 1130">IBM 1130</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="../IBM_1132" title="IBM 1132">1132 line printer</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1442" title="IBM 1442">1442 card reader/punch</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1500" title="IBM 1500">1500 instructional system</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1627" title="IBM 1627">1627 drum plotter</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1800_Data_Acquisition_and_Control_System" title="IBM 1800 Data Acquisition and Control System">1800 Data Acquisition and Control System</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1627" title="IBM 1627">1627 plotter</a> (<a href="../Calcomp" title="Calcomp">Calcomp</a>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="../IBM_1400_series" title="IBM 1400 series">IBM 1400</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li>peripherals

<ul><li><a href="../IBM_1402" title="IBM 1402">1402 card reader/punch</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1403" title="IBM 1403">1403 line printer</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_1442" title="IBM 1442">1442 card reader/punch</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_7330" title="IBM 7330">7330 Magnetic Tape Unit</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="../IBM_System" title="IBM System">IBM System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="../IBM_System/3" title="IBM System/3">System/3</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_System/3X" title="IBM System/3X">System/3<i>X</i></a>

<ul><li><a href="../IBM_System/32" title="IBM System/32">System/32</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_System/34" title="IBM System/34">System/34</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_System/38" title="IBM System/38">System/38</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_System/7" title="IBM System/7">System/7</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_System_9000" title="IBM System 9000">System 9000</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_System_p" title="IBM System p">System p</a></li>

<li><a href="../Lenovo_System_x" title="Lenovo System x">System x</a>

<ul><li><a href="../Lenovo_System_x#IBM_iDataPlex" title="Lenovo System x">iDataPlex</a></li>

<li>Predecessors: <a href="../Lenovo_System_x#IBM_PS/2_Server" title="Lenovo System x">PS/2 Server</a></li>

<li><a href="../Lenovo_System_x#IBM_PC_Server" title="Lenovo System x">PC Server</a></li>

<li><a href="../Lenovo_System_x#IBM_Netfinity" title="Lenovo System x">Netfinity</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_eServer" title="IBM eServer">eServer</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_Power_Systems" title="IBM Power Systems">Power Systems</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="../IBM_AS/400" title="IBM AS/400">AS/400</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="../IBM_Advanced/36" title="IBM Advanced/36">Advanced/36</a>*</li>

<li><a href="../IBM_RS64" title="IBM RS64">RS64 microprocessor</a></li></ul>

</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Applications,_software,_and_concepts36" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications, software, and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="../Control_Language" title="Control Language">Control Language</a></li>

<li><a href="../Dealer_Business_System" title="Dealer Business System">Dealer Business System</a></li>

<li><a href="../Dynamic_Logical_Partitioning" title="Dynamic Logical Partitioning">Dynamic Logical Partitioning</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="../Object_(IBM_i)" title="Object (IBM i)">object</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="../Programming_Development_Manager" title="Programming Development Manager">Programming Development Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="../Quick_Response_Engine" title="Quick Response Engine">Quick Response Engine</a></li>

<li><a href="../Single-level_store" title="Single-level store">Single-level store</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="../IBM_RS/6000" title="IBM RS/6000">RS/6000</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="../IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">ThinkPad Power Series</a></li>

<li>Predecessors: <a href="../IBM_RT_PC" title="IBM RT PC">RT PC</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_Academic_System" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Academic System">Academic System</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="../IBM_3790" title="IBM 3790">3790 Communications System</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_8100" title="IBM 8100">8100 Information System</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_BladeCenter" title="IBM BladeCenter">BladeCenter</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_IntelliStation" title="IBM IntelliStation">IntelliStation</a></li>

<li><a href="../IBM_Series/1" title="IBM Series/1">Series/1</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>* Also based on the System/36

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:IBM_minicomputers" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:IBM minicomputers">Minicomputers on Commons</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:IBM_servers" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:IBM servers">Servers on Commons</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox506" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authority control databases: National </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh86004252">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007556003005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-10-19" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=IBM_System%2F36&oldid=1251967005">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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